To investigate whether platelet concentrate (PC) improved the viability of ADSCs from cryopreserved fat tissues (CF) .

The adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) obtained from CF were cultured with fetal bovine serum, low (390×10⁹/ L) , middle (195×10⁹/L) , and high (97.5×10⁹/L) concentrations of PC and named CF+ FBS, CF+LP, CF+MP and CF+HP. The ADSCs derived from fresh fat tissues (FF) were cultured with FBS, named FF+FBS. The 3rd passage cells were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, cloning forming unit assay and adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. According to Coleman fat technique, the male nude mice were randomized and injected with FF, CF and CF with a low concentrations of PC (LP+CF) , respectively. Twenty-eight days after transplantation, the grafted samples were excised for graft retention rate, hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison between multiple groups.

Batter proliferation of ADSCs from cryopreserved fat (CF) tissues were found in the group, which was treated with PC, compared with the group without platelet supplement. Compared with FF+FBS, CF+FBS, The CF+LP was significantly increased in cloning forming unit assay [ (5.29±0.64) %, (2.87±0.64) %vs (98.72±0.59) %] and adipogenic differentiation[ (2.46±0.93) %, (1.30±0.54) %vs (15.96±5.59) %] (P < 0.05) . Compared with CF+FBS, FF+FBS and FF+FBS were significantly increased in osteogenic (0.22±0.01, 0.21±0.00 vs 0.19±0.01) and chondrogenic differentiations [ (20.49±3.16) %, (24.67±3.02) % vs (7.65±4.76) %] (P < 0.05) . The wet weight retention rate of the FF group was significantly higher than CF and CF+LP [ (17.79±2.872) %, (19.62±2.65) % vs (34.22±4.22) %] at 28 days after fat transplantation (P < 0.05) . The results of histological examinations in the FF group were inferior to CF+LP and CF groups[ (25.75±7.11) %, (33.83±9.17) %vs (14.14±3.97) %] (P < 0.05) . Compared with the FF, the number of vessels in CF (2.20±3.35 vs 14.60±8.11) was reduced (P < 0.05) .

PC can effectively improve the bioactivity of ADSCs isolated from cryopreserved adipose tissue. And the application of PC can improve the transplantation of cryopreserved fat to some extent.