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中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (05) : 266 -274. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2025.05.002

所属专题: 文献

论著

脐带血微移植治疗初诊老年急性髓系白血病的开放性、单中心、随机对照临床研究
张静雯, 刘银, 陈飞, 肖晖, 左学兰, 何莉, 熊蓓, 邵亮, 吴江, 刘明辉, 周怡, 李建芳, 汪聪, 刘红丽, 周芙玲()   
  1. 430071 武汉,武汉大学中南医院血液内科
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-17 出版日期:2025-10-01
  • 通信作者: 周芙玲
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82370176); 湖北省重点研发计划(2023BCB025)

Umbilical cord blood microtransplantation as consolidation therapy for elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia: an open-lable, single-center, randomized controlled trial

Jingwen Zhang, Yin Liu, Fei Chen, Hui Xiao, Xuelan Zuo, Li He, Bei Xiong, Liang Shao, Jiang Wu, Minghui Liu, Yi Zhou, Jianfang Li, Cong Wang, Hongli Liu, Fuling Zhou()   

  1. Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
  • Received:2025-05-17 Published:2025-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Fuling Zhou
引用本文:

张静雯, 刘银, 陈飞, 肖晖, 左学兰, 何莉, 熊蓓, 邵亮, 吴江, 刘明辉, 周怡, 李建芳, 汪聪, 刘红丽, 周芙玲. 脐带血微移植治疗初诊老年急性髓系白血病的开放性、单中心、随机对照临床研究[J/OL]. 中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(05): 266-274.

Jingwen Zhang, Yin Liu, Fei Chen, Hui Xiao, Xuelan Zuo, Li He, Bei Xiong, Liang Shao, Jiang Wu, Minghui Liu, Yi Zhou, Jianfang Li, Cong Wang, Hongli Liu, Fuling Zhou. Umbilical cord blood microtransplantation as consolidation therapy for elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia: an open-lable, single-center, randomized controlled trial[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2025, 15(05): 266-274.

目的

评估脐带血微移植(UCBM)治疗新诊断老年急性髓系白血病(AML)的安全性和有效性。

方法

将2022年1月至2024年6月武汉大学中南医院血液内科的18例新诊断老年AML患者随机分为试验组(UCBM组)和对照组,UCBM组9例经2个疗程阿扎胞苷(AZA)、去甲氧柔红霉素/柔红霉素+阿糖胞苷(IA/DA)或AZA +维奈托克方案诱导化疗缓解后,行3个疗程AZA +阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)巩固治疗+ UCBM治疗。维持治疗采用AZA。对照组9例不给予UCBM治疗,其余治疗同试验组。对比两组患者首次巩固治疗后1个月内造血功能恢复情况、中位生存时间、1年和2年总存活率及1年和2年无白血病生存率。两组间正态分布连续变量采用独立样本t检验;非正态分布连续变量采用Mann-Whitney U检验。无序分类变量组间比较采用Fisher精确概率法;有序分类变量组间比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验。

结果

试验组首次巩固治疗后1个月内有7例实现造血恢复,对照组首次巩固治疗后1个月内有3例实现造血恢复。与对照组比较,试验组中位生存时间[25.3 (18.3,37.8)个月比15.5 (7.6,22.9)个月]延长(P < 0.05)。试验组1年和2年总生存率依次为100 %和77.8 %,比对照组改善33.3 %和55.6 %;1年和2年无白血病生存率依次为55.6 %和44.4 %,比对照组改善22.3 %和33.3 %。试验组STR-PCR检测在移植后7 ~ 30 d内均为0 %;试验组均未发现移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)。

结论

在传统诱导化疗和巩固化疗基础上,采用UCBM治疗初诊AML具有安全性,且有利于促进骨髓造血恢复,延长中位生存时间,改善1年、2年总生存率和无白血病生存率。

Objective

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of umbilical cord blood microtransplantation (UCBM) in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the elderly.

Methods

Eighteen newly diagnosed elderly AML patients enrolled in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2022 to June 2024 were randomly divided into two groups. Nine patients in the experimental group achieved remission after 2 courses of induction chemotherapy with azacitidine (AZA) + idarubicin/daunorubicin and cytarabine (IA/DA) or AZA + venetoclax regimens and then received 3 courses of AZA+Ara-C consolidation therapy and UCBM treatment. AZA was used in the maintenance treatment. Nine patients in the control group were not given UCBM treatment, and the other treatments were the same as those in the experimental group. The recovery of hematopoietic function, median survival time, 1- and 2-year overall survival rates, and 1- and 2-year leukemia-free survival rates of the two groups of patients were compared. The independent sample t-test was used for the continuous variables with normal distribution between the two groups, and the difference of non-normally distributed continuous variable between two groups were compared with Mann-Whitney U test. The comparison between groups of unordered categorical variables was conducted using the Fisher's exact probability method, and the Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for comparison between groups of ordered categorical variables.

Results

Within one month after the first consolidation treatment, 7 people in the experimental group achieved hematopoietic recovery, while 3 people in the control group achieved hematopoietic recovery. The median survival time of the experimental group was 25.3 (18.3, 37.8) months, and that of the control group was 15.5 (7.6, 22.9) months (P = 0.022). The overall survival rates of the experimental group at 1 year and 2 years were 100%and 77.8%respectively, which were 33.3%and 55.6%greater than those of the control group. The 1-year and 2-year leukemia-free survival rates were 55.6%and 44.4% respectively, which were 22.3%and 33.3%higher than the control group. The STR-PCR detection in the experimental group was 0%within + 7 days to + 30 days after transplantation. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) did not occur in any of the experimental groups.

Conclusion

Based on traditional induction and consolidation chemotherapy, UCBM for the treatment of newly diagnosed AML is safe, and it is conducive to promoting bone marrow recovery, prolongating the median survival time, improving the overall survival rate and the leukemia-free survival rate at 1 year and 2 years.

图1 UCBM组治疗流程注:IND1为第1次诱导化疗;IND2为第2次诱导化疗;CON1为第1次巩固治疗;CON2为第2次巩固治疗;CON3为第3次巩固治疗;UCBM为脐带血微移植;MNT为维持治疗
表1 18例AML患者临床资料
表2 18例患者治疗前的临床资料
表3 两组患者在巩固治疗阶段接受治疗及不良反应情况
表4 18例AML患者临床治疗效果统计分析
图2 第1次巩固治疗后两组血常规指标变化差值分析注:a图为0 ~ 21 d白细胞计数变化差值;b图为0 ~ 21 d中性粒细胞计数变化差值;c图为0 ~ 35 d淋巴细胞计数变化差值;d图为0 ~ 21 d单核细胞计数变化差值;e图为0 ~ 35 d血小板计数变化差值;f图为0 ~ 21 d平均红细胞体积变化差值,*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01
图3 18例AML患者随访数据流程注:UCBM为接受基础化疗+脐带血输注;CR为完全缓解;CR1为第一次完全缓解;CR2为复发后经治疗缓解;PR为部分缓解;NR为未缓解
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