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中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 65 -74. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2025.02.001

论著

过表达POSTN 的间充质干细胞来源外泌体增强肝脏再生能力
张剑豪1, 蔡丹文2, 蒋辰浩1, 张宇君1, 韩路1, 赵雪刚3, 吕行3, 萧家麒1, 张杰滨1, 隋昕3, 张英才1,4,()   
  1. 1. 510630 广州,中山大学附属第三医院肝脏外科肝移植中心
    2. 511436 广州,广州医科大学
    3. 510630 广州,中山大学附属第三医院外科ICU
    4. 830054 乌鲁木齐,新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院肝胆胰中心
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-13 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 张英才
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目 (2024YFA1107200)国家自然科学基金面上项目 (82270689)国家自然科学基金区域联合基金项目 (U24A20655)新疆杰出青年科学基金 (2024D01E21)广州市科技计划项目(2024A03J0273)广州地区临床高新、重大、特色技术项目 (2023P-GX05)新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院肝移植专项 (20240101)

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cell overexpressing periostin enhanced liver regeneration capacity

Jianhao Zhang1, Danwen Cai2, Chenhao Jiang1, Yujun Zhang1, Lu Han1, Xuegang Zhao3, Xin Lv3, Jiaqi Xiao1, Jiebin Zhang1, Xin Sui3, Yingcai Zhang1,4,()   

  1. 1. Department of Liver Surgery,Liver Transplantation Center,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China
    2. Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511436,China
    3. Surgical ICU,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China
    4. Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center,People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830054,China
  • Received:2024-12-13 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Yingcai Zhang
引用本文:

张剑豪, 蔡丹文, 蒋辰浩, 张宇君, 韩路, 赵雪刚, 吕行, 萧家麒, 张杰滨, 隋昕, 张英才. 过表达POSTN 的间充质干细胞来源外泌体增强肝脏再生能力[J/OL]. 中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(02): 65-74.

Jianhao Zhang, Danwen Cai, Chenhao Jiang, Yujun Zhang, Lu Han, Xuegang Zhao, Xin Lv, Jiaqi Xiao, Jiebin Zhang, Xin Sui, Yingcai Zhang. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cell overexpressing periostin enhanced liver regeneration capacity[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2025, 15(02): 65-74.

目的

探讨过表达骨膜蛋白 (POSTN)的间充质干细胞 (MSCs)来源外泌体对肝再生的促进作用及其机制。

方法

切除小鼠70 %的肝脏构建小鼠肝部分切除模型,术后通过尾静脉分别注射PBS (PBS 组)、MSCs 外泌体 (MSC-Exo 组)和过表达POSTN 的MSCs 外泌体 (MSC-ExoPOSTN 组)。收集各组小鼠肝切术后72 h 的肝组织,通过免疫荧光染色测定Ki-67 及Western blot 检测增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)评估肝细胞增殖情况;RT-qPCR 及Western blot 测定促再生因子[如肝细胞生长因子 (HGF)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)等]在肝组织mRNA 及蛋白表达水平;构建MSC-ExoPOSTN 与AML-12 肝细胞共培养体系,通过Western blot 以及RT-qPCR 测定PCNA、PI3K、p-PI3K、p65 和p-p65 表达水平。两组间比较采用独立样本t 检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,两两比较采用 LSD-t 检验。

结果

与PBS 组相比,MSC-ExoPOSTN 组肝体重比 [(3.63 ± 0.06)%比(2.96 ± 0.08)%]、肝组织中PCNA蛋白水平 (0.62 ± 0.02比0.32 ± 0.03)、Ki-67 阳性细胞比例 [(39.33 ± 2.87)%比 (21.03 ± 1.63)%]、肝再生因子HGF mRNA(1.66 ±0.06 比0.99 ± 0.09)、HGF 蛋白水平 (1.98 ± 0.12 比1.00 ± 0.19)、IL-6 的mRNA 表达 (1.87 ±0.07 比1.09 ± 0.12)及蛋白水平 (1.51 ± 0.04 比0.97 ± 0.07)上调;与MSC-Exo 组相比,MSCExoPOSTN 组肝体重比 [(3.63 ± 0.06)%比(3.28 ± 0.06)%]、肝组织中PCNA 蛋白水平 (0.62 ±0.02 比0.51 ± 0.02)、Ki-67 阳性细胞比例[(39.33 ± 2.87)%比(30.33 ± 1.70)%]、HGF mRNA(1.66 ± 0.06比1.32 ± 0.10)、HGF蛋白水平 (1.98 ± 0.12比1.50 ± 0.09)、IL-6 (1.87 ± 0.07比0.77 ±0.08)的mRNA 表达及蛋白水平 (1.51 ± 0.04 比0.79 ± 0.06)上调 (P 均< 0.05)。MSC-ExoPOSTN与AML-12 肝细胞共培养体系中,与PBS 组相比,MSC-ExoPOSTN 组的PCNA 蛋白水平 (0.81 ±0.06 比0.32 ± 0.03)、p-p65 蛋白水平 (1.15 ± 0.10 比0.81 ± 0.14)上调(P 均< 0.05),p-PI3K 蛋白水平差异无统计学意义;与MSC-Exo 组相比,MSC-ExoPOSTN 组的PCNA 蛋白水平 (0.81 ± 0.06比0.49 ± 0.04)、p-p65 蛋白水平 (1.15 ± 0.10 比0.51 ± 0.07)上调 (P 均< 0.05),p-PI3K 蛋白水平差异无统计学意义。给予NF-κB JSH23后,与PBS组相比,JSH组的PCNA mRNA 水平 (1.01 ±0.09 比1.59 ± 0.07)下调 (P < 0.05)。

结论

本研究证实MSC- ExoPOSTN 促进肝切除后肝再生并且可能是通过激活肝细胞内NF-κB 信号通路实现的。

Objective

To investigate the promoting effect and mechanism of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing periostin (POSTN) on liver regeneration.

Methods

A 70 % partial hepatectomy (PHx) model was established in mice, and mice were administered PBS (PBS group), MSCs-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo group), or POSTN- overexpressing MSCs-derived exosomes (MSC-ExoPOSTN group) via tail vein injection after operation.Liver tissues were collected 72 h after operation.Hepatocyte proliferation ability was assessed by immunofluorescence staining for Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)was detected by Western blot to evaluate hepatocyte proliferation.mRNA and protein levels of pro- regenerative factors (e.g., HGF, IL-6) in liver tissues were measured via RT-qPCR and Western blot.A co-culture system of MSC-ExoPOSTN with AML-12 hepatocytes was established, and the expression of PCNA, PI3K, p-PI3K, p65, p-p65 were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR.The difference between two groups was compared by independent samples t-test and the difference among multi-group was compared by one-way ANOVA.LSD-t test was used for pairwise comparison between different groups.

Results

Compared with PBS group, liver-to-body weight ratio [(3.63 ±0.06)% vs (2.96 ± 0.08)%], PCNA protein levels (0.62 ± 0.02 vs 0.32 ± 0.03), Ki-67-positive cell ratio [(39.33 ± 2.87)%vs (21.03 ± 1.63)%], HGF mRNA (1.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.99 ± 0.09) and protein levels (1.98 ± 0.12 vs 1.00 ± 0.19), and IL-6 mRNA (1.87 ± 0.07 vs 1.09 ± 0.12) and protein levels (1.51 ± 0.04 vs 0.97 ± 0.07) were increased in MSC-ExoPOSTN group (all P < 0.05).Compared with MSC-Exo group, liver-to-body weight ratio [(3.63 ± 0.06)% vs (3.28 ± 0.06)%], PCNA protein levels (0.62 ± 0.02 vs 0.51 ± 0.02), Ki-67-positive cell ratio [(39.33 ± 2.87)% vs (30.33 ±1.70)%], HGF mRNA (1.66 ± 0.06 vs 1.32 ± 0.10) and protein levels (1.98 ± 0.12 vs 1.50 ± 0.09),and IL-6 mRNA (1.87 ± 0.07 vs 0.77 ± 0.08) and protein levels (1.51 ± 0.04 vs 0.79 ± 0.06) were increased in the MSC-ExoPOSTN group (all P < 0.05).In the MSC-ExoPOSTN and AML-12 hepatocyte co-culture system, compared with PBS group, the expression levels of PCNA(0.81 ± 0.06 vs 0.32 ±0.03) and p-p65 protein (1.15 ± 0.10 vs 0.81 ± 0.14) were increased in MSC-ExoPOSTN group (both P < 0.05), while p-PI3K level remained unchanged.Compared with MSC-Exo group, the expression levels of PCNA (0.81 ± 0.06 vs 0.49 ± 0.04) and p-p65 protein (1.15 ± 0.10 vs 0.51 ± 0.07) were increased in MSC-ExoPOSTN group (both P < 0.05), while p-PI3K level remained unchanged.Compared to PBS treatment, the PCNA mRNA level was reduced after treatment with NF-κB inhibitor JSH23 (1.01 ± 0.09 vs 1.59 ± 0.07, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

MSC-ExoPOSTN enhances liver regeneration post- hepatectomy, potentially via activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in hepatocytes.

表1 引物序列信息
图1 光学显微镜下观察MSCs 形态 (×100)
图2 流式细胞仪检测MSCs 表面免疫表型 注:a ~ c 图分别为CD105、CD34、CD45
图3 RT-qPCR 及Western blot 检测POSTN mRNA 水平及蛋白水平 注:a 图为POSTN mRNA 水平,b 图为POSTN 蛋白水平,***P < 0.001,ns 为差异无统计学意义
图4 过表达POSTN 的MSC-Exo 的鉴定 注:a 图为透射电子显微镜下观察MSC-Exo,b 图为MSC-Exo 纳米颗粒追踪;c 图为Western blot 检测POSTN 表达水平
图5 光学显微镜与荧光显微镜观察肝除切术后各组小鼠肝脏 注:与PBS 和MSC-Exo 相比,MSC-ExoPOSTN 处理表现出更强的促进肝脏体积恢复、组织恢复以及增强肝细胞增殖的能力
图6 不同处理组肝脏增殖水平评估 注:a 图为各组肝体质量比,b 图为Ki-67 阳性细胞百分比,c 图为PCNA 的蛋白表达水平,*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001
图7 Western blot 检测VEGF、HGF、IL-6 的mRNA 及蛋白表达水平
表2 MSC-ExoPOSTN 对肝再生相关因子表达的影响 ( ± s
图8 荧光显微镜下观察MSC-ExoPOSTN 被肝细胞内吞 (×20)
图9 MSC-ExoPOSTN 激活NF-κB 信号通路促进肝细胞增殖 注:a 图为Western blot 检测PCNA、PI3K、p-PI3K、p65、p-p65 的蛋白表达情况;b 图为MSC-ExoPOSTN 处理后的AML-12 细胞使用PBS 或使用NF-κB 信号通路抑制剂JSH23 后PCNA 的mRNA 表达水平;**P < 0.01
表3 不同处理组对PCNA、p-p65、p65、p-PI3K、PI3K 蛋白表达的影响 ( ± s
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