Research progress in exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2020.05.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from mesoderm, which have high self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potential as well as the ability to induce and differentiate into myocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes. MSCs have multi-directional differentiation potential, and can regulate immunity, inhibit many immune cells performance as well as regulate immune response. The recent study have found that exosomes derived from MSCs (MSCs-Exo) have tissue repair and reconstruction functions similar to MSCs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by a variety of cells with a diameter of 30 - 200 nm, which can transport nucleic acids, lipids and proteins and participate in cell information exchange. Compared with MSCs, exosomes are more reliable in clinical treatment and immune rejection possibility is lower after allogeneic administration in vivo, thus it can serve as an alternative therapy. MSCs-Exo has gradually become a new research hotspot. In this paper, the biological characteristics, immune regulation mechanism and MSCs-Exo research progress are reviewed.

Key words: Mesenchymal stem cell, Exosome, Immunoregulation

Fengying Ran, Long Chen, Dan Luo, Qinhua Chen. Research progress in exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2020, 10(05): 292-296.

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