Molecular mechanisms of gastric Lgr5+ stem cells, Mist1+ stem cells and Cck2r+ stem cells in carcinogenesis

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2023.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Gastric stem cells (GSCs) play an important role in developing the intestinal gastric cancer (IGC) . GSCs mainly include leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5⁺ stem cells (Lgr5⁺SCs) , muscle, intestine and stomach expression 1 (Mist1) ⁺ SCs, and antral cholecystokinin type 2 receptor (Cck2r) ⁺ stem cells, etc. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis of the three types of gastric stem cells. It is found that the canonical wnt signal pathway (cWnt) -Notch dynamic imbalance drives the occurrence of intestinal-type gastric cancer (IGC) . The activation of the cWnt-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) or cWnt-Ras signaling pathway and the inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway are common characteristics of gastric stem cell carcinogenesis in these cells; Activating Notch/Glioma-associated oncogene homolog (Gli) 2/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and downregulating cWnt is another mechanism of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, more researche on these two molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis may provide new ideas for IGC treatment.

Key words: Wnt signal pathway, Notch signal pathway, Stomach, Stem cells, Intestinal type gastric cancer

Xianyong Liu. Molecular mechanisms of gastric Lgr5⁺ stem cells, Mist1⁺ stem cells and Cck2r⁺ stem cells in carcinogenesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2023, 13(03): 183-188.

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