Application of pluripotent stem cells in cardiac development and disease research

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2022.06.009

Abstract

Abstract:

The establishment of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) marked the beginning of regenerative medicine. Cardiomyocyte differentiation of PSCs partially replicates the regulation mode of cardiac development in vivo, so it is believed as an ideal model for studying the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development in vitro. Furthermore, pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) , as a promising functional cells for basic research and cell therapy, play an immense role in cardiac disease modelling, drug cardiotoxicity testing/drug discovery and cell therapy. Here, we highlight the current strategies of cardiomyocyte differentiation, the role of PSCs differentiation in resolving the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development, and the progress of PSC-CMs in cardiac disease modelling, drug cardiotoxicity testing and cell transplantation therapy.

Key words: Pluripotent stem cells, Cardiomyocytes, Heart disease, Disease model, Drug screening, Transplantation

Yukang Wu, Jiuhong Kang. Application of pluripotent stem cells in cardiac development and disease research[J]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2022, 12(06): 378-382.

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	参数	PSC-CMs	成熟CMs
高表达基因	肌节相关基因	Myh6，Mlc2a	Myh7，Mlc2v，TNNI3
	电生理相关基因		Kcnj2，Scn5a，Cacna1c
	钙处理相关基因		ATP2A2，Ryr2，Slc8a1
形态	细胞外形	圆形	棒状
	细胞大小	小	大
	长宽比	低	高
	细胞核	单核	25%~ 30%双核
	肌节长度	1.6 μm	2.2 μm
	肌节结构	有Z线和I线	有T管、Z线、M线、I带、H带和A带
	线粒体	数量少，缺乏线粒体嵴	数量多，体积大，富含线粒体嵴
电生理特性	静息膜电位	-60 mV	-90 mV
	动作电位上升速度	15 ~ 50 V/s	230 ~ 400 V/s
	传导速度	10 ~ 20 cm/s	60 cm/s
	平台期	无	有
代谢	代谢方式	糖酵解/葡萄糖	氧化磷酸化/脂肪酸

	参数	PSC-CMs	成熟CMs
高表达基因	肌节相关基因	Myh6，Mlc2a	Myh7，Mlc2v，TNNI3
	电生理相关基因		Kcnj2，Scn5a，Cacna1c
	钙处理相关基因		ATP2A2，Ryr2，Slc8a1
形态	细胞外形	圆形	棒状
	细胞大小	小	大
	长宽比	低	高
	细胞核	单核	25%~ 30%双核
	肌节长度	1.6 μm	2.2 μm
	肌节结构	有Z线和I线	有T管、Z线、M线、I带、H带和A带
	线粒体	数量少，缺乏线粒体嵴	数量多，体积大，富含线粒体嵴
电生理特性	静息膜电位	-60 mV	-90 mV
	动作电位上升速度	15 ~ 50 V/s	230 ~ 400 V/s
	传导速度	10 ~ 20 cm/s	60 cm/s
	平台期	无	有
代谢	代谢方式	糖酵解/葡萄糖	氧化磷酸化/脂肪酸

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