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中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (04) : 240 -245. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2026.04.007

综述

脂肪源性间充质干细胞向骨髓腔归巢促进骨组织修复的研究进展
赵娟1, 田峻2,()   
  1. 1710077 西安外事学院医学院
    2430071 武汉大学中南医院康复医学科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-30 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 田峻
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82174494)

Research advances in homing of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to the medullary cavity for bone tissue repair

Juan Zhao1, Jun Tian2,()   

  1. 1College of Medicine, Xi'an International University, Xi'an 710077, China
    2Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
  • Received:2026-01-30 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Jun Tian
引用本文:

赵娟, 田峻. 脂肪源性间充质干细胞向骨髓腔归巢促进骨组织修复的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版), 2026, 16(04): 240-245.

Juan Zhao, Jun Tian. Research advances in homing of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to the medullary cavity for bone tissue repair[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2026, 16(04): 240-245.

脂肪源性间充质干细胞(ADSCs)因来源丰富、获取创伤小、低免疫原性及多向分化潜能等优势,成为再生医学领域骨组织修复的理想种子细胞。ADSCs向骨髓腔的定向归巢是其发挥骨修复治疗作用的核心前提,但其归巢机制的特异性调控细节尚未完全阐明,成为临床转化的关键瓶颈。本文聚焦骨髓腔特异性微环境,系统梳理ADSCs向骨髓腔归巢的专属分子机制,明确趋化因子信号轴的骨髓腔定向导向特征、整合素介导的跨骨髓血管内皮黏附规律及信号通路的协同调控网络;分析细胞自身、骨髓微环境及外部干预对归巢效率的特异性影响,并阐明归巢后ADSCs促进骨组织修复的骨髓腔专属作用模式。为优化ADSCs骨髓腔归巢效率、推进其在骨修复领域的临床转化提供针对性的理论依据和研究方向。

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as promising seed cells for bone tissue repair in regenerative medicine, owing to their distinct advantages including abundant sources, minimally invasive isolation, low immunogenicity, and multidirectional differentiation potential. The directional homing of ADSCs to the medullary cavity represents a core prerequisite for their therapeutic efficacy in bone regeneration. However, the specific regulatory details underlying this homing process remain poorly elucidated, which poses a critical bottleneck restricting their clinical translation. Focusing on the unique microenvironment of the medullary cavity, this review systematically summarizes the exclusive molecular mechanisms governing ADSCs homing to the medullary cavity, clarifies the bone marrow-targeted guidance characteristics of chemokine signaling axes, the patterns of integrin-mediated transendothelial migration across bone marrow vascular endothelium, as well as the synergistic regulatory network of intracellular signaling pathways. It further analyzes the specific effects of intrinsic cellular properties, medullary cavity microenvironment, and exogenous interventions on homing efficiency, and elucidates the bone marrow-specific mechanisms by which ADSCs promote bone tissue repair after successful homing. This review aims to provide a targeted theoretical basis and research insights for optimizing the medullary cavity homing efficiency of ADSCs and facilitating their clinical translation in the field of bone repair.

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