探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）患者外周血N-α-乙酰基转移酶10 （Naa10）及淋巴细胞免疫分型的特点，并分析其临床意义。

选取97例OSCC患者及50名健康体检者，分别纳入患者组、对照组。检测两组受试者外周血Naa10、淋巴细胞免疫分型，并比较不同TNM分期、不同淋巴结转移状态患者外周血Naa10、淋巴细胞免疫分型的差异，总结其特点与临床意义。不同性别人数采用χ²检验，计量资料行正态性检验，满足正态性且组间方差相等则采用t检验，不满足正态性则采用非参数Wilcoxon秩和检验，相关性分析采用Pearson法。

患者组血清Naa10为（62.91±17.15）pg/ml，高于对照组的（38.82±9.04）pg/ml，差异有统计学意义（t?= 9.280，P?< 0.05）。患者组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺、NK细胞百分比分别为（71.63±9.11）﹪、（34.34±4.26）﹪、（1.03±0.28）、（14.23±4.61）﹪，低于对照组的（76.25±2.87）﹪、（45.41±7.08）﹪、（1.77± 0.39）、（19.96±5.13）﹪，CD8⁺、B淋巴细胞百分比分别为（14.23±4.61）﹪、（14.91±3.29）﹪，高于后者的（19.96±5.13）﹪、（9.11±2.60）﹪，差异有统计学意义（P?< 0.05）。TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者42例，其血清Naa10为（64.08±15.26）?pg/?ml，与Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者的（61.71±13.15）pg/ml比较，差异无统计学意义（t?= 0.820，P?> 0.05）。淋巴结转移者34例，其血清Naa10为（65.15±14.07）pg/ml，与无淋巴结转移者的（61.45±12.66）?pg/?ml比较，差异无统计学意义（t?= 1.321，P?> 0.05）。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺、NK细胞百分比低于Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者，其CD8⁺、B淋巴细胞百分比高于后者，差异有统计学意义（P?< 0.05）。Pearson相关性分析示，外周血Naa10与CD3⁺ （-0.631）、CD4⁺ （-0.529）、CD4⁺/CD8⁺ （-0.587）、NK细胞百分比（-0.603）呈负相关，与CD8⁺ （0.558）、B淋巴细胞百分比（0.670）呈正相关（P?< 0.05）。

OSCC患者外周血Naa10明显升高但与TNM分期、淋巴结转移无关；其淋巴细胞免疫分型存在明显改变，且TNM分期的上升、淋巴结转移的发生伴随着CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/?CD8⁺、NK细胞百分比的下降，以及CD8⁺、B淋巴细胞百分比的上升。

To analyze the characteristics of peripheral blood N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10 (Naa10) and lymphocyte immunophenotyping in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to explore its clinical significance.

97 OSCC patients and 50 health examinees were enrolled in the patient group and the control group respectively. Naa10 and lymphocyte immunophenotyping in the peripheral blood of the two groups were detected. The differences of Naa10 and lymphocyte immunophenotyping in the peripheral blood of patients with different TNM stages and lymph node metastasis status were compared, and their characteristics and clinical significance were summarized.

The serum Naa10 in the patients group was (62.91±17.15) pg/ml, which was higher than that in the control group (38.82±9.04) pg/ml (t?= 9.280, P?< 0.05) . The percentages of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, NK cells in the patients group were (71.63±9.11) ﹪, (34.34±4.26) ﹪, (1.03±0.28) and (14.23±4.61) ﹪, which were lower than those in the control group (76.25±2.87) ﹪, (45.41±7.08) ﹪, (1.77±0.39) and (19.96±5.13) ﹪. The percentages of CD8⁺, B lymphocyte in the patients group were (14.23±4.61) ﹪, (14.91±3.29) ﹪, which were higher than those in the latter group (19.96±5.13) ﹪, (9.11±2.60) ﹪. The serum Naa10 of 42 patients with TNM stageⅠ~Ⅱwas (64.08±15.26) pg/mL. There was no significant difference between the serum Naa10 and the serum Naa10 of patients with TNM stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ (61.71±13.15) pg/ml (t?= 0.820, P?> 0.05) . There were 34 cases with lymph node metastasis, and the serum Naa10 was (65.15 ±14.07) ?pg/ml. There was no significant difference between those without lymph node metastasis and those without lymph node metastasis (61.45±12.66) pg/ml (t?= 1.321, P?> 0.05) . The percentages of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, NK cells in stageⅠ~Ⅱ patients were lower than those in stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ patients, and the percentages of CD8⁺, B lymphocyte in stageⅠ~Ⅱpatients were higher than those in stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ patients (P?< 0.05) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that Naa10 in peripheral blood was negatively correlated with CD3⁺ (-0.631) , CD4⁺ (-0.529) , CD4⁺/CD8⁺ (-0.587) , percentage of NK cells (-0.603) , and positively correlated with CD8⁺ (0.558) and percentage of B lymphocyte (0.670) (P?< 0.05) .

Naa10 in peripheral blood of OSCC patients was increased significantly, but not related to TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. The lymphocyte immunophenotype of OSCC patients changed significantly, and the increase of TNM stage and lymph node metastasis was accompanied by the decrease of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, NK cell percentage and the increase of CD8⁺, B lymphocyte percentage.