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中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 235 -241. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2023.04.006

综述

细胞外囊泡介导的胶质细胞交互作用对神经炎症的调节意义及研究进展
刘小燕, 龙乾发(), 席俊秀, 杜明皓, 黄晓欢   
  1. 16000 延安,延安大学医学院;710032 西安市中心医院神经外科
    710032 西安市中心医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-23 出版日期:2023-08-01
  • 通信作者: 龙乾发
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82171353); 陕西省杰出青年科学基金(2023-JC-JQ-69); 西安市科技计划项目(XYAC210023)

Regulatory significance and research progress of extracellular vesicle-mediated glial interactions on neuroinflammation

Xiaoyan Liu, Qianfa Long(), Junxiu Xi, Minghao Du, Xiaohuan Huang   

  1. Yan'an University School of Medicine, Yan'an 716000, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi'an 710032, China
    Department of Neurosurgery, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi'an 710032, China
  • Received:2023-05-23 Published:2023-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Qianfa Long
引用本文:

刘小燕, 龙乾发, 席俊秀, 杜明皓, 黄晓欢. 细胞外囊泡介导的胶质细胞交互作用对神经炎症的调节意义及研究进展[J/OL]. 中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(04): 235-241.

Xiaoyan Liu, Qianfa Long, Junxiu Xi, Minghao Du, Xiaohuan Huang. Regulatory significance and research progress of extracellular vesicle-mediated glial interactions on neuroinflammation[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2023, 13(04): 235-241.

神经炎症既可作为癫痫、阿尔茨海默病和脑损伤等的致病因素,也可作为其继发反应,是中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病发生发展的重要机理。胶质细胞在神经炎症调节中充当重要角色,小胶质细胞-星形胶质细胞的交互作用对CNS炎症也具有关键调节意义。此外,细胞外囊泡(EVs)对CNS损伤具有炎症调节和神经保护功能。因此,本文综述了星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞以及它们之间的交互作用对神经系统的调节功能,阐明内源性EVs对CNS炎性疾病的调节意义,以此为基础探究外源性EVs对星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞间交互作用的调节机制,以便进一步研究CNS疾病的发病转归及治疗。

Neuroinflammation serves as both a causative factor and secondary response in central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and brain injury, as well as is an important mechanism of the disease initiation and progression. Notably, glial cells play an important role in regulating neuroinflammation, and the interactions between microglia and astrocytes have a key regulatory significance in CNS inflammation. Additionally, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have inflammatory modulation and neuroprotective functions in CNS injuries. Therefore, this review summarized the regulatory functions of astrocytes, microglia, and their interactions in the CNS, elucidated the regulatory significance of endogenous EVs in neuroinflammatory diseases, and explored the regulatory mechanisms of exogenous EVs on the interaction between astrocytes and microglia, aiming further to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of CNS diseases .

图1 细胞外囊泡介导的胶质细胞交互作用对神经系统炎症的调节机制注:当发生神经系统炎症时,小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞活化,释放多种炎症因子,细胞外囊泡对活化后的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞进行调节,从而调节神经炎症;小胶质细胞被炎症激活后释放TNF等炎症因子刺激星形胶质细胞使之产生神经毒性。反应性星形胶质细胞通过释放IL-1β、TNFα等激活小胶质细胞,则引起持续的炎症反应和细胞凋亡。A为EVS-细胞外囊泡;B为Microglia-小胶质细胞;C为神经细胞;D为Astrocytes-星形胶质细胞;E为TREM2-髓系细胞触发受体2;F为神经炎症;G为TGF-β-转化生长因子
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