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中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版) ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (02) : 67 -75. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2020.02.001

所属专题: 文献

论著

单倍体造血干细胞移植对儿童重型再生障碍性贫血治疗的并发症分析
李泊涵1, 陆芹1, 卞馨妮1, 胡昳歆1, 高莉1, 郑德菲1, 肖佩芳1, 卢俊1, 李捷1, 林子云1, 孙若楠1, 赵夏莹1, 李博文1, 李乐1, 胡绍燕1,()   
  1. 1. 215000 苏州大学附属儿童医院血液科
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-23 出版日期:2020-04-01
  • 通信作者: 胡绍燕
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81770193); 江苏省重点课题(BE2017659); 江苏省医学创新团队(CXTDA2017014); 苏州市课题(SS201809,SYS201645); 苏州市"科教兴卫"青年科技项目(KJXW2016023,KJXW2018016)

Analysis of complications of haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with severe aplastic anemia

Bohan Li1, Qin Lu1, Xinni Bian1, Yixin Hu1, Li Gao1, Defei Zheng1, Peifang Xiao1, Jun Lu1, Jie Li1, Ziyun Lin1, Ruonan Sun1, Xiaying Zhao1, Bowen Li1, Le Li1, Shaoyan Hu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
  • Received:2019-10-23 Published:2020-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Shaoyan Hu
  • About author:
    Corresponding author:Hu Shaoyan, Email:
引用本文:

李泊涵, 陆芹, 卞馨妮, 胡昳歆, 高莉, 郑德菲, 肖佩芳, 卢俊, 李捷, 林子云, 孙若楠, 赵夏莹, 李博文, 李乐, 胡绍燕. 单倍体造血干细胞移植对儿童重型再生障碍性贫血治疗的并发症分析[J]. 中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版), 2020, 10(02): 67-75.

Bohan Li, Qin Lu, Xinni Bian, Yixin Hu, Li Gao, Defei Zheng, Peifang Xiao, Jun Lu, Jie Li, Ziyun Lin, Ruonan Sun, Xiaying Zhao, Bowen Li, Le Li, Shaoyan Hu. Analysis of complications of haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with severe aplastic anemia[J]. Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell(Electronic Edition), 2020, 10(02): 67-75.

目的

分析儿童重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)单倍体造血干细胞移植和同胞全相合移植并发症发生率。

方法

回顾性分析2010年1月1日至2018年12月31日于苏州大学附属儿童医院进行治疗的SAA患儿(56例),分为治疗组(单倍体造血干细胞移植,35例),对照组(同胞全相合移植,21例)。其中患儿年龄、诊断距离移植时间、总单个核细胞数、总CD34+细胞数、中位随访时间、粒细胞植入时间、血小板植入时间及等级资料[供受体血型相合程度、急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)分级、广泛性慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)分级、出血性膀胱炎分级、渗漏综合征分级]采用Mann-Whitney U检验。性别、疾病种类、供体与受体性别、预处理方案、CD20单抗的使用、HLA配型、供体来源、移植物来源、植入综合征、巨细胞病毒(CMV)血症、EB病毒(EBV)血症、死亡人数、植入失败人数和骨髓增殖不良人数使用卡方检验进行组间分析。生存曲线以及累积发生率用Kaplan-Meier法绘制,并使用Log-rank检验分析组间差异。

结果

与对照组比较,治疗组CD19+B细胞的重建延迟,而CD16+CD56+NK细胞数量移植后6个月开始增加,逐渐达到对照组的水平。与对照组比较,治疗组aGVHD、cGVHD、植入综合征和骨髓增殖不良累积发生率(14.29﹪±7.64﹪比57.14﹪±8.36﹪,11.67﹪±7.75﹪比61.59﹪±9.65﹪,9.53﹪±6.41﹪比74.86﹪ ±7.43﹪,0.0﹪比14.29﹪ ± 5.91﹪)均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),两组CMV与EBV感染,5年总体生存率(OS)、无失败生存率(FFS)、无GVHD失败存活率(GFFS)、III-IV度aGVHD及广泛性cGVHD累积发生率比较差异无统计意义(P > 0.05)。

结论

单倍体移植是治疗儿童SAA的有效治疗方案,但与同胞全合造血干细胞移植比较,其GVHD发生率较高,植入综合征和骨髓增殖不良的发生率较高,优化单倍体移植方案有望降低并发症,提高儿童重型再生障碍性贫血的生活质量。

Objective

Compared the incidence and severity of complications of haploid transplantation and sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (sib-HSCT) in children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) .

Methods

A total of 56 children with severe aplastic anemia treated in the children's hospital of Soochow University from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018 were enrolled in the study, and divided into treatment group (performed the haploidentical transplantation, n =35) and control group (performed the sib-HSCT, n = 21) based on the different treatments. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the difference of age, the diagnostic distance, the total number of mononuclear cells, CD34+ cells, the median follow-up time, the time of granulocyte engraftment and platelet engraftment, and the grade data (the degree of blood donor and recipient compatibility, aGVHD degree, cGVHD degree hemorrhagic cystitis degree, leakage syndrome degree) between two groups. Sex, disease type, donor and recipient sex, donor and recipient blood type, pretreatment conditioning regimen, CD20 antibody use, HLA matching, donor source, graft source, engraftment syndrome, CMV, EBV, hemorrhagic cystitis grade, leakage syndrome grade, number of deaths, number of engraftment failure and number of poor bone marrow function were analyzed by chi-square test. The survival curve and cumulative incidence were drawn by Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was used to analyze the statistical differences between groups.

Results

Compared with the control group, the reconstruction of CD19+ B cells in the treatment group was delayed, while the number of CD16+ CD56+ NK cells began to increase 6 months after transplantation and gradually reached the level of the control group. Compared with the control group, the cumulative incidences of aGVHD, cGVHD, implantation syndrome and myeloproliferation in the treatment group (14.29﹪±7.64﹪vs 57.14﹪±8.36﹪, 11.67﹪±7.75﹪vs 61.59﹪±9.65﹪, 9.53﹪± 6.41﹪vs 74.86﹪±7.43﹪, 0.0﹪vs 14.29﹪ ± 5.91﹪) , which were statistically significant (P < 0.05) . There with no statistically difference in the incidence of CMV and EBV infection, 5-year overall survival (OS) , failure free survival (FFS) , GVHD failure free survival (GFFS) , III-IV degrees , the cumulative incidence of aGVHD and extensive cGVHD between two groups (P > 0.05) .

Conclusion

Haploid transplantation is an effective treatment for children with SAA, but compared with siblings of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the incidence of GVHD, engraftment syndrome and poor graft function are higher. Optimizing the haploid transplantation treatment is expected to reduce complications and improve the quality of children with severe aplastic anemia.

表1 接受造血干细胞移植患者基本信息
并发症 对照组( n = 21) 治疗组( n = 35) 统计值(U/ x2 P
年龄(月),中位数(范围) 108 (46 ~ 164) 89 (12 ~ 176) U = 267.500 0.090
性别[例(﹪)] ? ? x2 = 0.234 0.629
? 10 (47.62) 19 (54.29) ? ?
? 11 (52.38) 16 (45.71) ? ?
SAA/VSAA [例(﹪)] 16 (76.20) /5 (23.80) 20 (57.14)/15 (42.86) x2 = 1.143 0.285
疾病时间(月),中位数(范围)(诊断疾病距离造血干细胞移植的时间) 2.30 (1.00 ~ 111.17) 3.97 (0.73 ~ 76.97) U = 337.500 0.612
供体与受体的性别 ? ? x2 = 4.485 0.214
? 男供男 3 11 ? ?
? 男供女 3 9 ? ?
? 女供男 7 8 ? ?
? 女供女 8 7 ? ?
供体与受体的血型相合程度 ? ? U* = 359.500 0.880
? 血型相合 11 19 ? ?
? 血型小不合 3 5 ? ?
? 血型大不合 7 11 ? ?
预处理方案 ? ? ? < 0.001
? FLU+BU+CTX+ATG 1 29 ? ?
? FLU+CTX+ATG 12 1 ? ?
? FLU+CTX+ATG+MP 8 0 ? ?
? BU+CTX+ATG 0 3 ? ?
? BU+CTX+ATG+Arac 0 2 ? ?
使用CD20单抗情况[例(﹪)] 2 (9.52) 4 (11.43) x2 = 0.050 0.823
HLA配型 ? ? ? ?
? 10/10 21 0 ? < 0.001
? 9/10 0 1 ? ?
? 8/10 0 4 ? ?
? 7/10 0 9 ? ?
? 6/10 0 9 ? ?
? 5/10 0 12 ? ?
供体的来源 ? ? x2 = 27.097 < 0.001
? 兄弟或姐妹 21 10 ? ?
? 父母 0 25 ? ?
移植物的来源 ? ? ? < 0.001
? 骨髓+外周血 13 6 ? ?
? 骨髓 2 2 ? ?
? 外周血 5 1 ? ?
? 骨髓+外周血+脐带血 1 26 ? ?
总单个核细胞数(108/kg) 6.03 (1.48 ~ 13.97) 7.50 (2.30 ~ 36.43) U = 143.000 < 0.001
总CD34+细胞数(106/kg) 2.86 (1.00 ~ 10.42) 4.46 (1.23 ~ 10.15) U = 153.000 < 0.001
表2 单倍体与同胞全相合移植后并发症比较
并发症 对照组(n =21) 治疗组(n = 35) 统计值(U/x2 P
中位随访时间,年(95﹪CI 2.24 (1.34 ~ 3.14) 2.80(1.27 ~ 4.33) U = 331.500 0.542
粒细胞植入时间 11 (10 ~ 21) 12(8 ~ 22) U = 327.000 0.679
血小板植入时间 17 (11 ~ 28) 18(8 ~ 46) U = 297.000 0.518
植入综合征[例(﹪)] 2 (9.52) 26(74.29) x2 = 22.019 < 0.001
aGVHD[例(﹪)] 2 (9.52) 20 (57.14) x2 = 10.039 0.002
aGVHD分级(例) ? ? U* = 215.500 0.003
? 无aGVHD 18 15 ? ?
? Ⅰ级 1 14 ? ?
? Ⅱ级 1 0 ? ?
? Ⅲ级 1 1 ? ?
? Ⅳ级 0 5 ? ?
cGVHD[例(﹪)] 2 (9.52) 18 (51.43) x2 = 10.039 0.002
cGVHD分级 ? ? U* = 70.000 0.001
? 无cGVHD 19 17 ? ?
? 局限性cGVHD 0 8 ? ?
? 广泛性cGVHD 2 10 ? ?
? CMV血症[例(﹪)] 11 (52.38) 23(65.71) x2 = 0.978 0.323
? EBV血症[例(﹪)] 7 (33.33) 14(40.00) x2 = 0.249 0.618
? 出血性膀胱炎[例(﹪)] 3 (14.29) 12(34.29) x2 = 2.677 0.102
出血性膀胱炎分级(例) ? ? U* = 297.50 0.127
? 无出血性膀胱炎 18 23 ? ?
? 1级 0 2 ? ?
? 2级 2 7 ? ?
? 3级 1 3 ? ?
? 4级 0 0 ? ?
渗漏综合症[例(﹪)] 2 (9.52) 4 (11.43) x2 = 0.050 0.823
渗漏综合征分级(例) ? ? U*= 362.500 0.875
? 无渗漏综合征 19 31 ? ?
? 轻度渗漏综合征 0 2 ? ?
? 严重渗漏综合征 2 2 ? ?
死亡[例(﹪)] 2 (9.52) 1 (3.33) ? 0.549
植入失败[例(﹪)] 2 (9.52) 1 (3.33) ? 0.549
骨髓增生不良[例(﹪)] 0 (0) 5 (14.29) ? 0.145
图1 两组患者造血干细胞移植后淋巴细胞亚群免疫重建比较
图2 两组患者造血干细胞移植后体液免疫重建比较
图3 两组患者造血干细胞移植后病毒感染情况比较
表3 两组5年生存情况比较(﹪,生存率±标准误)
图4 两组患者造血干细胞移植后生存曲线比较
表4 两组患儿移植后并发症累积发生率比较(﹪,发生率±标准误)
图5 两组患者造血细胞移植后GVHD累积发生率、植入综合征与骨髓增殖不良累积发生率比较
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